Income units, also known as secondary units, also known as in-law suits, are additional living spaces within a property that can be rented out to generate extra income. These units are typically self-contained and have their own entrance, kitchen, and bathroom facilities.

Short answer: Both "in-law unit" and "secondary unit" can refer to additional living units within the same house. However, historically, terms like "in-law unit" or "nanny suite" described self-contained living spaces that were often created before it was legal to add such units to a single dwelling or done without permits, leading to many being classified as "illegal units." These units were typically intended for family members, like aging parents, and not for rental purposes. At Ottawa Legal Suites, we specialize in designing legal in-law suites intended for rental purposes to generate additional income and serve as a smart investment. These units are fully independent living accommodations, complete with their own kitchen, bedroom, bathroom, and living area, and are designed to utilize space in the most efficient and cost-effective manner possible. Our designs are approved by the municipality and adhere to all municipal laws and building code requirements, ensuring both safety and legality. We aim to create spaces that not only meet legal standards but are also tailored to fit tenant needs and maximize the use of available space. If a real estate listing mentions an "in-law suite," it's often likely that the unit is illegal. In contrast, a listing that specifies a "legal secondary unit" usually indicates that the unit complies with legal standards. For more information on determining whether a unit is legal or illegal, refer to my blog post.

Short answer: In Ontario, Canada, most residential lots can accommodate additional units beyond the primary house. However, specific regulations vary by municipality. In Ottawa, residential lots with city services can have up to two additional units. For lots serviced by well and septic systems, only one additional unit is permitted. It's important to check the local regulations in your area to understand what's allowed.

Short answer: Typically, no. Secondary units, often referred to as "income units," are considered part of the main house and cannot be sold separately. These units are legally attached to the primary residence and do not qualify as independent properties. However, there is an exception. If your property is in an area zoned for higher density, such as for duplexes or triplexes, you may be able to convert your house into a duplex or triplex. In such cases, these units could potentially be sold separately.

To create a legal in-law suite, you must comply with local municipal regulations, typically referred to as the Zoning By-Law. These regulations cover aspects such as the location and size of the in-law suite, entry location and access, parking requirements, and other related criteria. In addition to zoning regulations, you must also adhere to the Building Code, which sets safety standards and ensures that all construction meets minimum building requirements. For secondary units, this includes specific regulations like fire-rating between units, adequate egress facilities, sufficient daylight, and minimum space requirements for living areas. Compliance with both sets of regulations is essential to ensure your in-law suite is legal and safe.